In which situation would the insurer be liable for a loss?

The insurer would be liable for a loss in the situation where the insured suffered an injury as an innocent bystander during a bank robbery. In this context, insurance policies typically cover losses resulting from unexpected and unintentional events.

Being an innocent bystander means that the insured did not cause or contribute to the accident or injury in any way; they were merely present when the unforeseen event occurred. Insurance is designed to protect individuals from unexpected risks and losses, particularly those that arise from circumstances beyond their control.

In contrast, situations where the insured deliberately caused the loss, was injured while committing a crime, or suffered an injury during play (assuming this relates to activities excluding coverage) often fall outside the parameters of what insurance is intended to cover. Activities that involve negligence or wrongdoing (such as committing a crime) or risks associated with specific activities may not be insured because they are typically excluded by policy terms. Thus, the innocent bystander scenario reflects a genuine need for protection against unforeseen accidents, making this the correct context for insurer liability.